Endometriosis is a gynecological condition in which tissue similar to that which lines the inside of the uterus, (endometrium), grows outside of it. This tissue can be found in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and other organs in the pelvis, causing inflammation and pain. In each menstrual cycle, this tissue behaves as the endometrium would, thickening and bleeding, but since it does not have an outlet, it can generate cysts and scars.
This process can have a significant impact on fertility. Adhesions and scarring can obstruct the fallopian tubes, making it difficult for the egg and sperm to meet. In addition, constant inflammation can affect the quality of the eggs and create a less favorable environment for fertilization and embryo implantation. Pain during ovulation and sexual intercourse can also reduce conception opportunities.
Understanding how endometriosis affects fertility is crucial to finding the right treatment. There are several options to manage this condition and support those who want to conceive, from medical treatments to advanced assisted reproduction techniques.
Can a woman have endometriosis without knowing it?
Yes, it is possible for a woman to have endometriosis without knowing it. In many cases, endometriosis can be asymptomatic or have mild symptoms that are mistaken for common menstrual discomfort.
Some women find out they have endometriosis only when they try to get pregnant and face difficulties. For this reason, it is important for women who experience symptoms such as chronic pelvic pain, painful periods, or fertility problems to consult with a specialist for a proper evaluation.
Diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis
Diagnosing endometriosis begins with an evaluation based on symptoms and medical history. Common symptoms include pelvic pain, painful periods, pain during sex, and fertility problems. Imaging methods such as ultrasound and MRI are used to confirm the diagnosis, although laparoscopy remains the most definitive procedure, allowing visualization and biopsies of the affected tissue.
Treatment for endometriosis varies depending on the severity of symptoms and the desire to conceive. Options include pain management with anti-inflammatory medications, hormonal treatments to reduce the growth of endometrial tissue, and surgical procedures to remove endometriosis lesions.
In severe cases, a more extensive approach may be necessary to restore pelvic anatomy and improve the chances of pregnancy.
Assisted reproductive techniques for women with endometriosis
For those who face difficulties conceiving due to endometriosis, assisted reproductive techniques can be an effective solution. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) are common options. IUI can be a first line of treatment, especially if the fallopian tubes are clear and the ovarian reserve is adequate.
IVF is particularly effective for women with endometriosis, as it allows the fertilization of the egg outside the body and the transfer of the embryo directly to the uterus, bypassing potential physical and chemical barriers in the fallopian tubes. In addition, during IVF, doctors can select the healthiest embryos to maximize the chances of a successful pregnancy.
At Fertivida, we understand the challenges that endometriosis can present for those who want to conceive. We offer a comprehensive and personalised approach, using the latest technologies and treatments in assisted reproduction to help achieve the dream of having a baby.
