Fertility is a very broad topic that includes different aspects and in which every detail counts. One of the key aspects in assisted fertility treatments is to identify the most suitable time for embryo transfer. This is where the Endometrial Receptivity Test (ERA) comes into play, a diagnostic tool that seeks to increase the chances of success in assisted reproduction treatments.
This test allows us to identify the optimal time for implantation, thus personalizing care and increasing the success rate in those cases in which conception has been complicated.
The accuracy of the ERA Test lies in its ability to analyze endometrial receptivity, i.e., the ability of the lining of the uterus to receive and host a developing embryo. This diagnosis allows fertility treatment to be adjusted according to the unique characteristics of each person, offering a personalized response to the implantation difficulties that may arise in some in vitro fertilization (IVF) processes.
What does the Endometrial Receptivity Test (ERA) consist of?
The Endometrial Receptivity Test is a molecular analysis that studies the genetic profile of the endometrium, the tissue that lines the inside of the uterus. Its main objective is to identify the exact period in which the endometrium is in its most receptive state for embryo implantation. This time interval is known as the implantation window, which usually occurs in a range of 3 to 5 days after ovulation, but can vary from person to person.
To perform the test, a small sample of endometrial tissue is removed, usually using a simple biopsy. This sample is then analyzed in a specialized laboratory to determine its receptivity, based on the expression of more than 200 genes related to implantation. The results provide information on the optimal time to perform the embryo transfer, thus adjusting the fertility treatment schedule.
When is the ERA Test recommended?
The ERA Test is not performed in all fertility treatments. It is mainly recommended in the following cases:
- Recurrent implantation problems: When there have been several unsuccessful embryo transfer attempts, the test can help identify if the problem lies at the time of implantation.
- In vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments: In IVF treatments, where you want to optimize the chances of success, the ERA Test can provide an additional advantage by indicating the most appropriate time for embryo transfer.
- History of implantation failure with no apparent cause: If no other causes have been identified that explain the lack of success in previous treatments, this analysis may offer a new perspective to adjust the strategy.
- When there is only one embryo available for transfer, you can make that single transfer attempt more efficient by putting it in the uterus on the most receptive day.
How is the ERA Test performed?
The procedure for carrying out the ERA Test is simple and can be divided into several stages:
- Preparation of the endometrium: The fertility specialist prepares the endometrium by simulating the conditions of a usual treatment cycle, by administering hormones.
- Endometrial biopsy: At the right time, a small biopsy of the endometrial tissue is performed. This procedure is brief and may cause mild discomfort, similar to menstrual pain, but is usually performed on an outpatient basis and without complications.
- Laboratory analysis: The sample obtained is sent to a specialized laboratory, where the genetic markers that determine the receptivity of the endometrium are analyzed.
- Interpretation of results: Once the results are available, the medical team interprets the information to determine the optimal embryo transfer period. In some cases, it can be identified that the implantation window is different from what is considered standard, which will allow the treatment to be adjusted.
What results can be obtained with the ERA Test?
The ERA Test offers a personalized diagnosis of the moment of maximum endometrial receptivity. Depending on the results, three types of conclusions can be drawn:
- Receptive endometrium: Indicates that the sample was taken at the right time and that the endometrium is in its optimal state to receive the embryo. In this case, the embryo transfer can be scheduled for a later cycle in the same period.
- Non-receptive endometrium: If the endometrium is not in its window of receptivity during the biopsy, the report will specify how long before or after that time the transfer should be performed to optimize the chances of implantation.
- Displaced implantation window: In some cases, the implantation window may be offset from what is considered common. This means that, for some people, the ideal time for embryo transfer does not follow the usual pattern, and knowing this information allows you to adjust your treatment strategy.
Benefits of the ERA Test in the planning of fertility treatments
The Endometrial Receptivity Test offers several advantages in the planning and personalization of fertility treatments:
- Increased success rate: Identifying the optimal time for embryo transfer significantly increases the chances of implantation and success in IVF treatments.
- Reduced uncertainty: For those who have experienced repeated implantation failures, the test can offer new hope, providing clear and specific information about endometrial receptivity.
- Personalization of treatment: The ERA Test allows the transfer schedule to be adapted according to the unique characteristics of each person’s endometrium, improving the precision of the treatment.
The ERA Test is a valuable tool for those looking to personalize and optimize their fertility treatments, especially in cases where implantation has been challenging. Having accurate information about endometrial receptivity allows for more strategic planning and increases the chances of success in in vitro fertilization treatments. At Fertivida, our specialists are trained to interpret the results of the ERA Test and offer a personalized approach that adapts to the needs of each patient, accompanying them at each stage of the process towards achieving the desired pregnancy.
